GAME ON OR GAME OVER? HkV/+ {;S~  
Are you a "gamer"? b,`\"'1  
If you enjoy playing computer games like many millions of other teenagers worldwide, then yes, you are. l|fd,  
According to the China Internet Network Information Centre (CINIC), Internet users in China spend more that eleven hours gaming every week. _0f[.vN  
It is one of the most popular free time activities for young people today and does have a number of benefits. However, it is a hobby which is also worrying parents, educators and the government. The main cause for concern is that some young people cannot control their time when playing and become addicted to certain games. Teenagers who spend long hours online can end up falling behind in their studies and suffering health and social problems. In the worst case, this could even result in tragedy. The sad deaths of two boys from Chongqing who fell asleep on a railway line after playing for 48 hours non-stop shocked the nation and brought the issue to people's attention. }GC{~ SZ4  
On the other hand, playing computer games can be beneficial to children's development and to the country. China Daily reported that all the high-scoring students in the college entrance exams were also gamers, and China's future success when competing in global markets will depend heavily on young adults who are skilled in using information technology. &%bX&;ECzf  
It is not possible to say that the Internet is simply "good" or "bad", but it is a powerful tool that needs to be use with care. .cabw+&7  
Liu Huanrong, a volunteer who has helped many teenagers addicted to online gaming, believes that the most important thing for today's youth is to have balance in their lives. Miss Liu says that certain games take too long to play and are unsuitable for teenagers. She also believes that some children find the pressure of studying too much and turn to games as a way to escape. lz*2wGI9  
Young people should choose their games wisely and make time for sleep, sport, hobbies, friends and family as well as for study. If they do so, their lives will be happy, healthy and balanced.

PART 1 ]qXHalHY  
S: Hi James, what are you doing? jXi
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J: Hello Sally, Diana. I'm just looking in the careers section of the newspaper. 5v
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D: What sort of job do you want? tb/u@}")  
J: That's my problem, I really have no idea. Do you know what you want to do?  R76'1o  
S: Yes, I want to teach primary school kids. I love children at that age and it's so interesting to help them learn. ]vQo^nOo  
J: How about you, Diana? "XC6 l4Z  
D: Well, Mum and Dad are both accountants and they want me to follow in their footsteps. #A]7cMZ'W  
S: You'd be great at that, you are so good at maths. N>ct`a)BD/  
D: Yeah, I would like to work with numbers, but I don't think I want to have a desk job - you know, be in an office 9 to 5, five days a week. I enjoy being outdoors, or at least not stuck in one place all the time. (P`{0^O"}  
S: Mmn... I wonder what you could do... \
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PART 2 XN=<s;U
 
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R: Good morning, Careers Advice Office. 0E\R\KO$>  
J: Hello, I saw your poster on our school notice board and er, well, the trouble is I leave school at the end of this year and I just don't know what sort of job I want. n#J$=@  
R: Well, don't worry, I'm sure we can help, there are about 40,000 different jobs in the world so there must be one that suits you. I suggest you make an appointment to see a careers advisor and he or she will give you some ideas about how to decide... Um, let's see, today is Monday, what about tomorrow - we can fit you in at 3 or 4:30? i $I|JJJ  
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PART 3 E=QL4*?   
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J: Hey Diana, hey Sally, guess what? I've just been to see a careers advisor. 3:Z(tM&-O  
D: Who? uhc 0,V;S  
J: You know, at the Careers Advice Office - they had a poster on the notice board. !%s7I^f*  
D: Oh yeah, how did it go? uqQMS&;+,|  
J: Quite interesting. I've got to fill out this questionnaire and then go back to discuss it. lZ) u4_  
S: Let's have a look: "What do you most enjoy doing?" That's an easy one for you James. You like playing computer games. M;iaNL(  
J: Yes, but look, I have to say "Why". 0a'@J~v!  
D: Mmn, that's tricky, why do you? M9&tys[KX  
J: I think it's because I like to solve problems and make quick decisions. gA[M  
S: Yeah, that's true, but how does that help you choose a career? You can't get a job playing computer games! w x,;  
D: Too right! |@ldXuYb  
J: That's what the careers advisor said, but she says there are jobs, where I would use the same skills and that would give me the same feeling, the same enjoyment. When I see her again, I'll take this and she will suggest some careers doing the sort of stuff I like and using my skills. Then she'll tell me how to find out more about them. teB{GR  
S: Oh I see. &9ZIf#R  
D: Sounds really helpful, perhaps I should ask if they know any jobs that might suit me...

FOOTBALL: A GOOD CAREER CHOICE? )o[ O%b  
Little David was football crazy. He spent all his spare time kicking a ball in the school playground or on the streets near his east London home. Like millions of boys and an increasing number of girls, he dreamt of being a professional football player. He was a Manchester United supporter and he wanted to wear the red shirt and score goal at the famous Old Trafford Stadium in front of thousands of cheering fans. z9$x9u  
While he was still a schoolboy, he attended training sessions with a London club, and then at the age of sixteen, he was invited to join Manchester United as a trainee. ~(B\X?v  
David's career took off almost immediately when he was part of the Manchester United's Youth Team that won the FA Youth Cup in 1992, and he was chosen to play for the Red devils' senior team in the same year. It was the beginning of an extraordinary career. Now David is England's most famous mid-filed player and a world superstar. Every time he plays football he is watched by thousands of adoring Becks fans all over the world. )2oWoZvi9  
David Beckham accomplished his aim, but what about all the other children with the same dream? ?B %y)K  
How can they achieve their ambition? Football is different from most careers because employers do not advertise that they have a vacant job in the newspapers or on the Internet. There are no application forms or interviews. Instead the employers - the football clubs - find player with the right abilities and offer them employment. The clubs look for young footballer with particular qualities and, most importantly, talent. l)z15e5X  
Professional footballers have to be very, very good, and to play for a leading club they must be outstanding. Top players must have excellent ball control and understand how to use the space on the pitch, but it is not just what they do with their feet that counts. OgrUP  
Club manager also want every footballer to have good team spirit, a strong character, mental strength and a positive attitude. dUn8Xqj1  
Many countries have set up programmers to encourage and develop young footballers, and this is where the clubs go to assess athletes and find stars of the future. ew4IAF  
China has special football schools where children acquire ball skills as well as a formal education. In the UK the clubs send scouts around the country to discover talented boys and girls. These scouts watch hundreds of matches played by school teams in villages, towns and cities. .jr1<LE  
When they spot young people with talent, they invite them to train with the club. If the players are under sixteen, they still go to school but take part in club training sessions in evenings and play in the junior team at weekends. Those that are good enough then become youth trainees at age of sixteen and join the club as a paid member of staff. During this time they receive football instruction and play for the youth team, but it is not an easy life. k
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There is a lot of competition for places on the team. The salary is low and the job includes cleaning the changing rooms, toilets and senior colleagues' boot. 'oTcx Jx  
The trainees also to go college one day a week where they study other characteristics of the football industry such as pitch maintenance and office administration. After two years, only a few trainees are good enough to go on the next stage. Theses lucky ones are offered a contract with a club and their life as a professional footballer begins. From this point on the success of their career and how much they earn depends on their performance and how many matches their team wins. xP'IyABx  
Perhaps, like Becks, one or two become great stars. However, football is such a fiercely competitive occupation, that many players are not successful and have to leave the profession to find other careers. n<CJx+U  
When David Beckham was child, he dreamt of playing for Manchester United. He achieved his ambition and made the red Number 7 shirt famous throughout the world. Now he is famous for his haircuts and lifestyle as well as for scoring goals. ckt^D/c2  
David's story has a happy ending, but most children with the same wish will never have the opportunity to wear their favourite team's shirt. Many of them will only play as amateur footballers in their spare time. Unfortunately football dreams do not often come true.

WHY DO YOU THINK YOU WOULD BE GOOD AT THIS JOB? b W`@9 =E  
Most application forms for jobs or further education include a section that asks you to write a paragraph or more about yourself. This could be in a general way, which is often called a personal statement, or as a response to a specific question. YL lw:jN  
The types of question you might be asked are: tk^1Ga3  
l Why do you think you would be good at this job? NRS!Ox  
l What are your career goals? HA{-XPAWZ  
l What personal characteristics do you have that show you will be successful in this profession? NVnKgGlHgd  
l Explain why you have applied. tVhY=X{N?  
This is chance to persuade an employer or educator what a great addition to their company, organization, college of university you would be. From your answer they will decide whether they are interested in you, so it is important to make a good impression. >#@1 I  
We asked some employers for some tips on how to create a positive effect. Here's what they said: B;8YX>r  
The most important thing is to do your research. You need to convince the reader that you understand what the company or organization does, and what the job or course will involve. Then show that you have the ability to be successful by giving evidence of how your interests, qualifications or experience prove that you have the necessary skills. HrA6wn\O  
Be honest, but don't hold back and be modest. If you are good at something it's OK to say so. 'aB0abr|  
Don't send an application form with mistakes, even if you have corrected them. The form should be clear and easy to read. Avoid being to general; your personal statement should be interesting and original.  ?4 `K8  
For example, an applicant for a job as a tour guide who says "I like meeting people and traveling" isn't giving the employer any fresh ideas or appealing information.

Part 1 HJ\CGYmyz  
So, you've seen a job you want. You sent in your application and now you have been invited for an interview. What should you do and say to make your interview a success? aD5G0d?u  
Well, first of all, consider the way you present yourself. When we meet someone for the first time, we get an instant impression about what type of person he or she is. This happens in the first five minutes, and once we have decided, we don't usually change our opinion. So when an employer meets an applicant for a job, those first five minutes are vital. A{7N #-h_  
To make a good impression, you need to pay attention to two things: the way you look and your body language. H$ sNp\[{  
Appearance is very important, so think carefully about what to wear. This will depend on the type of job you are applying for, but as a general rule, I'd recommend that men should wear a tie. And I think it's best to avoid jeans and casual trousers; they might make some employers think you also have a "Casual" attitude towards work. Women, please don't wear short skirts or anything too tight, and don't choose anything that is too decorated - keep it simple. Decide what you are going to wear a few days before the interview. This will give you time to check your clothes and make sure there are no stains on them or buttons missing. Remember the "look" you are aiming for is neat, clean and tidy. And if you look good, you will feel confident. #=MQE  
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Part 2 Z_^v#FJ'l  
? }k~>. \  
Now a few tips on body language. Two things that will happen in the first five minutes of your interview are the handshake and eye contact. Both of these are important if you are to make a good impression. You should look the employer straight in the eye as soon as you enter the room, give him or her a friendly smile and shake hands firmly. (Some people think a weak handshake shows a weak personality, so do give a nice firm grasp.) Don't sit down until invited, and then sit up straight and look interested. Leaning forward slightly when the interviewer is speaking is a good way of showing you are listening carefully, and don't forget to keep as much eye contact as possible throughout the interview. L qHeLN  
You will probably feel quite nervous about your interview - don't worry, that's completely natural. However, nervous tension can affect your body language. Please watch out for this. Many people tend to move about in the chair and gesture with their hands a lot when they are nervous, so you should sit fairly still and hold your hands gently together in your lap if necessary. One last hint: Our body language always shows when we aren't telling the truth - our eyes and body move in different ways - and some interviewers are quite skilled in spotting this. A lot of us have a tendency to, er, expand the truth a bit when we want to get that great job, but believe me, honesty really is the best policy!

HOW TO PREPARE FOR A JOB INTERVIEW BZUA/;Hz &  
In my experience as human resources manager, many job applicants are unsuccessful because they fail to prepare for interviews. If you want to get that job, you must do your "homework"! Ic!8$NhRS  
First of all, learn as much as you can about the employer. It is essential that you know what the company produces or sells, who its customers are, its size and whether it has recently expanded or is planning to. If you also understand the culture of the organisation, you can give yourself a competitive advantage by ensuring you are "on message" during the interview. .LQvjK[N
 
By culture, I mean the company's principles and ideals. Look out for words like "mission statement" and "vision" when you are doing your research; that is where you will find them. >o45vB4o  
Most of the information you need is quite easy to get hold of. The company many have a brochure - it is worth calling to ask - or the Internet is an excellent source and most companies have websites these days. XMJEIG  
You should also look at the products yourself, if possible, by going to a local branch or supplier. '5V#sq;Z  
The next step is to get information about the job itself. You need to discover what exactly the job will involve, what sort of person the company wants and how your skills will fit the position. This is less easy, but the general information about the company will give you some clues. .WeP]dX%:f  
I suggest you that online for the job title. There are so many websites giving information about different occupations that you are sure to find something useful. You could also ask friends if they know anyone doing a similar job that you could talk to. Finally, play for the question you will be asked and practice your answers. You can find lists of questions on various career websites. Have a look at these and think about how you would reply. >wPMJ> 2  
Some of the question will be quite straightforward. Others however, are tricky and could catch you out if you have not thought them through ahead of time.
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For example, you might be asked, "What are your strengths and weaknesses?" It is not easy to give an honest answer to the "weaknesses" part without sounding negative unless you are well prepared in advance. ueimTXk  
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A BUSINESS DECISION k~P{Rm;F  
After a long and heavy week at work Gao Tian is felling tired and a bit fed up. As the bus moves slowly through the Friday evening traffic, she thinks about her future and the difficult decision she has to make. c<T'_93  
Gao Tian has a good job in a national media corporation, but for some time the idea of starting her own advertising agency has been developing in her mind. 0nX.%2p#Je  
Should she give up her job security and salary to risk staring her own business? Many people like Gao Tian dream of being their own boss. Being self-employed offers the chance to be in control, to be an employer rather than an employee, and to have the freedom to be creative. N=?! ~n9Q-  
Of course, the possibility of financial success and future wealth is also very attractive. With such obvious advantages it is hardly surprising that hundreds of thousands of people every year choose to purse their business dream. @1p,  
Go Tain, however, has not decided. She knows it is a big financial commitment to set up a business and that she would have to be flexible and work long hours at the beginning. Until she could afford and accountant and other staff, she alone would do all the paperwork, marketing and design, and probably take on the roles of receptionist and office cleaner as well. jT6zpi~]E  
Gao Tian would not mind this, because she sees it as an exciting part of challenge. What is holding her back is the possibility that the business might not be successful. Gao Tian has read that the two most common mistakes that cause new businesses to close are poor market research and weak financial planning. y%9Q]7&=  
Concerned that she had no qualifications in these areas, she plans to gain the necessary skills by taking a part-time course. But she still wonders if going into business is the right decision. About half of new companies fail in their first three years, often because in their enthusiasm to get started, business people do not pay enough attention to the potential problems. s3., N|  
Gao Tian is right to be cautious and in fact, spending time assessing her strengths and weaknesses has already increased her chances of doing well. uI'g] 18Hi  
If she does decide to go ahead with her business, her careful and professional approach may well lead to something very big in the future. After all, Bill Gates started a small business that achieved outstanding success, why not Gao Tian?

HERZBERG'S THEORY OF MOTIVATING 6IRzm6d  
Whether we feel rewarded and content in a job depends on several different aspects.  3"B$M  
The psychologist Frederick Herzberg believed that these could be divided into two groups. /D@(o`a  
In this "Theory of Motivation", Herzberg called these groups the Hygiene Factors and the Motivaton Factors. F,
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According to Herzberg, hygiene factors are necessary because they are the aspects which stop employees from leaving to find other jobs. Good hygiene factors prevent staff from feeling dissatisfied, but in order to be really happy at work and experience "job satisfaction", employees also need the motivation factors. These make a worker feel that his or her job is useful and important. If a company has good motivation factors, its personnel will be enthusiastic and eager to work to the best of their abilities.