1 This woman is one of the greatest scientists of all times. Even her name tells you that she likes science: a good scientist should want to find out answers and ask many questions - in other words they should be curious. This woman was certainly curious. Together with her husband, she tried to learn the secrets of radioactivity. The couple were awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1903. Eight years later, she received a second Nobel Prize, this time for chemistry. S`BLwnU`#  
2 It is said that this English gentleman was sitting in his garden one day when suddenly he was hit by a falling apple. The story is probably not true, but this man did mention that he got one of his best-known ideas while watching apples fall from a tree. His name makes you think that he was not too interested in old things. He discovered the force of gravity, and he drew up a system of how objects move. His laws for motion are still used in physics today, at least in schools and universities. xXE/pIXw  
3 Food is what sets this great mind on fire. Rice, to be exact. This great mind has spent most of his life looking for ways to help farmers grow more rice so that all of us will have enough food to eat. He is known as the father of modem rice, but because of his long friendship with all the farmers in China, he would rather be known as "the farmer".

Part 1 #WfJz}P,!  
Scientists often look at nature in order to find new ideas. In ancient times, Chinese scientists studied how spiders make silk. Moderm scientists are interested in the spider, too. A spider can make silk that is much stronger than most man-made materials. A spider's silk doesn't break easily. Instead of breaking, it gets longer. Best of all, the spider produces the silk without the use of dangerous or poisonous chemicals. If we could learn to use the technique, we might be able to use the strong silk to make things like seat belts and wires that hold up bridges. K;S&91V)=  
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Part 2 GawLQst[+  
There are many other examples of how new technology has been developed by learning from nature. A group of German scientists wanted to find out why leaves and flowers are able to stay so clean. They decided to take a closer look at the white lotus, a flower that is known for its clean leaves. At first, the scientists believed that a very flat leaf would be better at staying clean. However, when they looked closely at the white lotus, the scientists saw that the leaf was in fact covered with tiny hairs and needles. The needles and hairs collect the dust that falls on the leaf so that a raindrop can easily wash it off. The German scientists used this technique to design a new kind of paint. The new paint could keep houses looking clean for years. &/Tx@j^.C  
Scientists also believe that the butterfly could teach us a way to keep our computers cool. A computer must be kept cool to function well. The fans we use today are not always good enough. The butterfly is cold-blooded and must change its body temperature all the time. Scientists have found that there are small parts on its wings that the butterfly uses to change its temperature. If scientists can learn how this is done, it may be possible to use the same method to keep computers from becoming too hot.

NO BOUNDARIES x{RTI#a.  
Imagine this: you are twenty-one years old and a promising graduate student at one of the top university in the world. One day, your doctor tells you that you have an incurable disease and may not have more than twelve months to live. How would you feel? What would you do? Most of us would probably feel very sad and give up our dreams and hopes for the future. Here is what Stephen Hawking thought: WE
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There did not seem much point in working on my PhD. I did not expect to survive that long. Yet two years had gone by and I was not that much worse. In fact, things were going rather well for me and I had got engaged to a very nice girl, Jane Wilde. But in order to get married, I needed a job, and in order to get a job, I needed a PhD. 'VR5>r  
Instead of giving up, Hawking went on with his research, got his PhD and married Jane. Nor did he let the disease stop him from living the kind of life he had always dreamt of. He continued his exploration of the universe and traveled around the world to give lectures. In 2002, Hawking visited China and spoke to university students in Hangzhou and Beijing. As his disease his disabled him, Hawking has to sit in his now-famous wheelchair and speak through a computer. He told the students about his theories and thoughts on some of the greatest questions: What is time, how did the universe begin, and what exactly are black holes? YHCXVu<.b  
Hawking became famous in the early 1970s, when he and American Roger Penrose made new discoveries about the Big Band and black holes. Since then, Hawking has continued to seek answers to questions about the nature of the universe. In 1988, he wrote A Brief History of Time, which quickly became a best-seller. Readers were pleased and surprised to find that a scientist could write about his work in a way that ordinary people could understand. aLhTaB-va  
In the book, Hawking explains both what it means to be a scientist and how science works. He tells readers how discoveries are made and how they change the world. Science, according to Hawking, is often misunderstood: people often think that science is about "true" facts that never change. Scientists, on the other hand, Hawking writes, know that their job is never finished and that even the best theory can turn out to be wrong. [yjC@docH  
A scientific theory is the result of the scientific method. Scientists look at the world and try to describe and explain what they see. First, they carefully observe what they are interested in. To explain what they have seen, they build a theory about the way in which things happen and the causes and effects. Finally, the scientists test theory to see if it matches what they have seen and if it can predict future events. If what they are observing can be tested in a practical way, scientists will use experiments. But if, like Hawking, they are studying something that is too large or too difficult to observe directly, they will use a model to test the theory. `4Nc(aUr  
People who listen to Hawking's lecture sometimes find it difficult to understand him, because his thoughts and ideas often seem as large as the universe he is trying to describe. The speech computer is not the problem. In fact, people who hear it often say it sounds just like a human voice. Hawking is happy with it, too. "The only trouble," says Hawking, who is British, "is that it gives me an American accent."

MARKING A DIFFERENCE =ngu*#?c4  
It is not necessary to be a great scientist to make a difference, but there are things we can learn from the best minds in this world. Great scientists like Stephen Hawking always want to know more. They are never satisfied with a simple answer and are always looking for new questions. The Italian astronomer Galieo Galilei was so curious that he used a microscope and a telescope in order to be able to take a closer look at things both great and small. By asking why, how and what if, curious minds find new ideas and solutions. XTHrf'BU  
If knowledge is power, as Sir Francis Bacon famously wrote in 1597, then perhaps creativity can be described as the ability to use that power. Scientists must be creative and use their imagination all the time. When Zhang Heng, the Chinese astronomer and geographer, wanted to draw a map of the heavens, he wasn't satisfied with a simple paper map. Instead, he built a model that could move in order to show how the position of the stars changed from season to season. v-OGY[|97  
We must believe in what we do, even when others don't. Both Galileo and Zhang Heng found it difficult to make people believe that their theories were correct. People laughed at Zhang Heng when he first introduced his seismograph and it was only later that the world recognized his greatness. Galileo used his observation show that Copernicus, another great astronomer, was right and that the earth moves around the sun, not the other way around. At that time, the church said that the earth was the centre of the universe and Galileo was not allowed to publish or discuss his observations. Today, both Zhang Heng and Galileo are known as scientific pioneers who helped us better understand the world. 2NE/ZqREg  
Perhaps the most important thing if we want to make a difference is to find something that we like to do and that we are good at. Knowing who we are means knowing how we think and what we like to do. Everyone has his or her special skills and interests, and only by discovering what we do best can we hope to reach our goals and truly make a difference.

ALBERT EINSTEIN @0B<b7Jv  
When Stephen Hawking was writing A Brief History of Time, his editors told him that he would lose half of his readers for each equation he put in the book. Despite this warning, Hawking found it necessary to include one equation. His choice was the world's most famous equation, Albert Einstein's E = mc2. As simple as the equation may seem, it represents a theory so important that it changed science and physics completely. In fact, Einstein's discoveries made such a big difference that he felt he had to apologise to Newton. "Forgive me," Einstein wrote, "you found the only way which, in your age, was just about possible for a man of highest thought and creative power." Einstein had replaced Newton's theories with his own and changed our understanding of the universe. 7_q"%xH  
Before Einstein, scientists believed that light traveled through space in a straight line. But Einstein was able to prove that light coming from the stars was bent as it passed the sun. As a result, it appeared to scientists on earth that the stars had moved. He worked out just how much the light would be bent; he could also work out how far the stars would appear to have moved. 9chiu%20  
His discovery was completely new; it was said that only three people could understand it at the time. The difficulty was how he could prove his ideas to other scientists. Many of them did not accept his scientific ideas. But Einstein went on with his research. By 1919, scientists who had been watching the stars believed in his work and he quickly became world-famous. From that time on Einstein was greatly respected as the leading scientist of the century. *4A.R&Vu  
The First World War (1914-1918) had brought him great sadness. He had taken Swiss nationality in 1901 and therefore did not have to join the army, as Switzerland did not take sides in the war. Einstein thought that War was a terrible thing and believed that fighting and killing in Wars was wrong. He did urge the United States to build an atomic bomb to defeat the Nazis, but when Einstein saw the effect of the bomb, he regretted his actions. What he wanted to see was an end to all the armies of the world. T
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When Hitler came into power in the early 1930s, Einstein, who was a Jew, found it impossible to continue living in Germany. His friends were beaten, or taken away, or their homes were destroyed. While he was doing research in America, Einstein wrote a letter to a newspaper to say that these acts were wrong. It meant that he would never be able to visit Germany again. That is why Einstein and his family left Europe for the USA in 1933.

Part 1 }yB@?  
R: Reporter K: Mr Keller t(}&<< 1Bz  
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R: Good morning, Mr Keller. My name is Harry Hunter and I work for the Daily Times. I would like to ask you a few questions about Jim Gray. 9(u2j
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K: Good morning, Mr Hunter. What would you like to know about Mr Gray? nc$
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R: Well, I want to know if it is true that Mr Gray no longer works for your company. _);1dcnR  
K: Yes, that's true. Mr Gray was fired today. He has been having problems lately and it was time for him to leave. )xTp7YnZ;  
I see. What kind of problems? !kmo%+  
K: Mr Gray was too slow and it took him too long to do his job. He talked too much and was noisy and sometimes even wild. He was not serious enough. Instead of thinking about work, he would spend too much time disturbing the other workers with questions and comments. lzm9ClkfH  
R: So the other workers didn't like Mr Gray? eZ ]6Q  
K: Mr Gray was very nosy, always trying to find out what other people were doing. Many people were also unhappy with Mr Gray because he was rude and said bad things about people. _#N~$   
R: I see. Were there any other reasons why you fired him? B=n]N+  
K: Yes, Mr Gray was also careless with his money. Now if you will excuse me, I have to get back to work. D(Xv shQ  
K: Thank you for answering my questions.

Part 2 uOougSBV,  
P: Paul W: Wendy @?gH3Y_  
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P: Hi, Wendy. Did you hear that Jim was fired today? kMwt&6wS  
W: Yes, I did. Isn't it awful! I have worked with him for ten years and he is one of my best friends. I can't believe that he was fired. )FU4iN)ei  
P: I don't understand it, either. Jim faced many difficulties but wouldn't give up. He was careful and always took the time to do a job well. V(w[`^I>~  
W: Even when he was very busy, Jim always found time to speak to others. He was funny and happy and liked to make others laugh. He always had a kind word for me. 6E_YQbdy  
P: Yes, he was always interested in other people and cared about their life and problems. When my wife was ill, he always asked me about her and tried to cheer me up. b*p,s9k7  
W: Jim was always so generous. He was happy to spend money on good meals and gifts. 8mCr6$|
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P: Yes, he was. And he was also very honest and always told people what he thought about something. L;BYPZR  
W: I suppose we won't see him very often in the future. I'll miss him. sav2.w  
F': I'll miss him, too.

The chief editor of a daily newspaper is having a meeting with the journalists. She is telling them what she wants them to do today. 9Ft) VX  
Good morning, everybody. Listen carefully. This is what I want you to do. 8#kFS@  
Mick, Jane Scott, the sportswoman, is arriving at the airport this morning. Her plane arrives at 11. Will you be there please? I want you to get a good photograph of her. See if you can talk to her. Ask her what her future plans are, OK? mTs[3opg  
Bob, the medical conference opens today at the Capital Hotel. It starts at 9 o'clock, so you'll have to hurry. I want you to listen to the opening talk and make some notes. Get a photograph too of the person giving the talk. O+'Pq,hn  
Susan, I want you to interview someone at the Home Office. These new traffic plans are very interesting. I want you to set up an interview today. I want you to put your report in tomorrow's paper. Get as much information as you can. Try to collect some plans or diagrams. They will be very useful.

BEHIND THE HEADLINES lGcHf W)Y  
　　Newspapers and other media do more than simply record what happens. Experienced editors and reporters make informed decisions about what events to report and how to report them. They also make sure that readers Can relate to the stories. We asked two of China's many talented journalists, Chen Ying and Zhu Lin, to tell us more about news and newspapers. The two reporters agreed to switch roles for once and be the interviewees rather than the interviewers in order to let us know about their work and how the news we read is made. { !FrI@  
　　Q：How do you decide what you are going to write? Dnd  
　　ZHU LIN：Before I decide what I'm going to write, I have to discuss the article with my editor. He listens to my ideas and gives me his suggestions. For long and important articles, for example a feature story, the editor will tell me how I should develop the story. The editor's job is to keep the newspaper balanced and interesting to the readers. 6Q x
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　　CHEN YING：Much of a reporter's work is done before he or she actually starts writing. A reporter begins by contacting the people to be interviewed and then prepares questions. Interviewing someone is difficult. A reporter must know how to ask the right questions and how to get people to talk about the topic. After the interview, the reporter must present the material in an organised way and make sure that the article reflects events and opinions truthfully. *XNvb ^<  
　　Q: Which of the articles that you have written do you like best? wefQmRK  
　　CHEN YING：My favourite article is the one I wrote about the efforts to bring stolen cultural relics back to China. To write this story, I had to contact famous museums around the world and interview both Chinese and international experts in the field. I like the article because it's both news and an interesting story. /}M@MbGMM  
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ZHU LIN: Even though I have interviewed many famous people, the story I like best is about an ordinary young woman who tried to adapt to her new life after having studied abroad. I like the story because it was the first time that I had written with real passion and because it made me realize that everyone's life is different. *Qyw _Q  
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Q: If you could write any article you want, what would you write about and why? sN;U,{  
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ZHU LIN: I want to explore the mysteries in life. I would like to write about music, art, nature and the importance of spiritual fulfilment. *^NC5=A(
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CHEN YING: I want to write about people you seldom read about, for example people who have AIDS or who are addicted to drugs. Their stories must be told if we want to solve difficult social problems and help those who suffer from them. For a reporter, the basic task is to report an event truthfully. We shouldn't ignore what happens even if it is difficult for people to accept some stories.

The media can often help solve problems and draw attention to situations where help is needed. For example, newspapers like China Daily or The People's Daily help us understand what life is like in other parts of China and the rest of the world. Carefully written articles can help people become interested in important questions around the world. TV programmes and printed articles also help people in other countries learn about China and the Chinese people. The result is a better understanding of the world on all sides, leading to a future world where people from all countries are respected and different views and opinions are tolerated.